Archive for the 'structured authoring' Category

Improve Your Relationships. Where to Code Links? Best practice.

Monday, September 3rd, 2007

Authors working in FrameMaker or Word have hard-coded links within topics to other topics using cross-references. When moving to DITA, authors often tend towards hard-coding links in topics, inserting cross references or using the  element.

What’s wrong with hard-coded links?
They decrease reusability, they tend to break, they tend to get out of date, and they are high maintenance.

  1. Decreased reusability: hard-coded links may not make much sense when a topic is reused but if you hard-coded the links you’re stuck with them.
  2. They tend to break: if the target topic is renamed or moved, the link will break.
  3. They tend to get out of date:  if a related topic is added, the author would have to look in many topics, find the appropriate locations and insert many times the appropriate link.
  4. High maintenance: see reasons 2 and 3 above.

Hard-coded links are not in a good idea in FrameMaker or Word, but when working in unstructured DTP tools you didn’t have much choice.  In DITA you do — and you should use it. “Relationship tables” in DITA allow you to control linking from one place, for many topics, rather than hard code links within many topics.

It’s not often that this blog for power authors is able to offer relationship advice, but today we are. Use relationship tables and start improving your documents!

Best wishes,
Abby, … oops, I mean Katriel

How much does excellent documentation save your company?

Tuesday, July 31st, 2007

Advertising Age reports yesterday that 20 MINUTES is “the average amount of time a consumer spends trying to set up a device before giving up”.  Figure out how many returns or support calls that generates for your company, and figure out how much those returns or support calls cost your company, and you have your business case for better documentation!
Katriel

Word 2007 - staying oriented in the new “ribbon” interface

Sunday, July 15th, 2007

IMHO, the Word 2007 ribbon interface is a big improvement.  However, it takes time to get your bearings.  (I’ve been using Word 2007 full-time for about 9 months, since the beta period, and I still find myself scratching my head trying to remember where to find a particular function that I could find in my sleep in earlier versions.) 

 So — you may want to check out the Get Started tab (shown below). Download from the Microsoft site.

You can also download a workbook from the Microsoft site that lists the locations of Word 2003 commands in Word 2007. Recommended!
Katriel

“A bit hazy on the difference between XML and XSD”

Sunday, July 15th, 2007

A.S., a loyal reader, writes, “I’m a bit hazy on the difference between XML and XSD”. Well, hopefully this post will clarify the issue for you.A schema (XSD) describes what must be in the XML document.  For example, it might say that every item must have one catalog number, and one name, but may have one or more sizes (e.g. 500 gram and 750 gram).

The schema (XSD) describes what must be in the XML document.  For example, it might say that every item must have one catalog number, and one name, but may have one or more sizes (e.g. 500 gram and 750 gram).

The XML document would list what’s in the catalog.  For example:

100
Corn Flakes
500
700

200
Bran Flakes
500
750
1000
1250

In the above case, the schema (XSD) would declare the XML file invalid if it had no catalog number – or if it had 2 or more catalog numbers.
Katriel
BTW, DITA processors generally use DTDs rather than XSDs, but that’s another post.

“I deliver help, and already have a HAT, why would I possibly benefit from DITA?

Monday, July 9th, 2007

Avi, a loyal and critical reader, asks “I already have a suitable tool (RHX5), what could I possibly benefit from… ”

Well, Robo Help is certainly a reputable tool.  And, if it works for you, then remember the first rule from Engineering 101: “If it works don’t fix it”.

But if you need to deliver content in multiple channels (PDF), if you need to tailor content for specific audiences, if you want to reuse content for different needs (implementation, training, user guide, troubleshooting, support, etc.), if you need to cut down on translation costs… then IMHO you should be thinking seriously about DITA.
Katriel

P.S. We have posted a new white paper: Find out why DITA matters and what’s in it for you.

Winston Churchill and DITA

Thursday, July 5th, 2007

Winston Churchill on the cover of Life. The greatest enemy of a great technical writer solution is the dream of a perfect solution.

Is DITA perfect? No. Is it as easy as just writing without thinking about structure, just as we might in Word or FrameMaker or an HTML editor? No. Do writers need to learn how to think in topics and use a DITA editor? Of course.  Is there friction in the move to DITA? Absolutely.

This being said, we should paraphrase Winston Churchill: “It has been said that DITA is the worst approach to technical documentation except all the others that have been tried.”  Go for it - we technical communicators have nothing to fear but inaction!
Katriel

Understanding the Resistance to DITA

Wednesday, July 4th, 2007

In the engineering world the need for standards, and for standards compliance, is almost universally accepted. Standards foster efficiencies and synergies. 

In the technical document world, however, there is an almost inexplicable resistance to standards.  Each company makes their own style guide and templates.  And getting tech writers to voluntarily accept DITA?  Hoo, hoo.  Takes considerable persuasive powers (as well as management carrots and sticks).

Let’s try and understand why this is the case by looking at Pete, a typical manager. Pete could make no changes and continue working tomorrow using the same tools and methods (typically authoring in Word, FrameMaker, and/or using WebWorks to convert to Help, and/or editing content in RoboHelp).  Ideally they would be using a good template and toolkit, such as Author Max

No change is easy.  No need to convince management, no need to battle for a budget, no need to train writers, no disruption.

If Pete decides to go for DITA, he’ll have to do all of the above. Persuade management, get a budget, train writers and figure out how to manage the transition.  Not easy.  And, if the transition is not smooth, Pete could be penalized.

On the other hand, Pete could get through the transition period to DITA and leverage the same team that he had yesterday to produce more documents, more focused documents, better documents.  Is there risk in the transition?  Of course, but that’s what life is about - adapt or disappear. 

I’m just old enough to remember those dinosaurs at the end of the 80s early 90s who were still using white-out, typewriters and cut and paste — because they didn’t go for transition in time.  You know what, I haven’t met any of those dinosaurs anywhere in the last 15 or 20 years, certainly not on the upwardly mobile, happily-employed career track.

So, Pete, what will it be?
Katriel
P.S.  The participants in this month’s DITA Immersion Workshop, and last month’s, and the one before… are voting with their time. Finding out about DITA and empowering themselves to make informed decisions.

Mea Culpa - Caught by the Grammar Patrol

Wednesday, June 27th, 2007

Thanks to Sybil, a careful reader who wrote to comment:

I recently found your Method M blog, and as an experienced technical writer, I had to contact you about the blog subtitle “For People Who Write and Edit Documents Everyday.”"Everyday” is incorrect usage in this context. “Everyday” is an adjective; “every day” is an adverbial phrase which means “daily.”

Sybil, we are humbled. And have corrected the subtitle. Scratch subtitle.   We have corrected the tagline. (See, we are humbled enough to change the tagline; not so humbled that we won’t try to get the last word in here.) 

Back to work getting flags to appear based on conditions in DITA!
Katriel

If SMEs could edit in Word!

Sunday, June 10th, 2007

In.viosion logoThe promise of SMEs editing DITA content in Word addresses perhaps the biggest obstacle in getting DITA into some workflows, especially where the SMEs are used to reviewing and adding content.  In.vision offers a very promising solution.  More…

The 8 Things I Would Like to (and maybe can) Change About Word

Thursday, June 7th, 2007

My list of the 8 things that must be changed to make Microsoft Word really  productive for knowledge workers. 

  1. Automated insertion of front matter.
  2. Paste unformatted.
  3. Automated settings for headings and footers.
  4. Fast, reliable insertion of images and tables with captions.
  5. Conditional text.
  6. Style repair (e.g. when MyStyle becomes “MyStyle,2 point above,bold”).
  7. Pre-flight check (for revision marks, broken cross-references, etc.)
  8. Numbered lists.

The good news is that Author Max™ (an add-in for Word) does a pretty good job of handling issues 1-7. (We have a solution for issue 8 too, just not yet built-into Author Max.) What issues are most important to you?

Katriel

Author Max for Microsoft Word is live

Tuesday, June 5th, 2007

Author Max -- add-in for Microsoft WordFinally.  Our top-secret add-in for Microsoft Word is live and posted on the web - Author Max. The 14-day trial is free.

We would love feedback on what it does — and what functionality you think we need to add. So far we have Conditional Text, Pre-flight check (looks for revision marks, unresolved cross references, etc.), paste unformatted, automatically insert figures and tables with appropriate captions, automatically set headers and footers, insert front matter, and more.

Looking forward to your feedback!
Katriel

Policy Enforcment vs. Jawboning for Documents

Sunday, June 3rd, 2007

One approach to “policies for working with Word” is rely on goodwill (or gentle arm-twisting – see Jawboning). Another approach, less common, is build-in compliance to the authoring/editing process.  My feeling is that once you have more than one or two people opening and editing documents compliance enforcement should be built-in and jawboning is unlikely to work.

Enforcement sounds draconian, but heck – a lot of people pay taxes because they’re afraid of being audited.  A lot of people use crazy styles, local formatting, and commit other cardinal sins because (1) it’s easier than following policies and (2) there is no enforcement mechanism. 

Full disclosure: next week we will launch a Word add-in called Author Max™ that does compliance enforcement I will post the URL as soon as it’s up and am looking forward to comments.

Katriel